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Yūnus 10:65-67

The Qurʾān · Sūra 10: Yūnus · verses 65-67

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

10/65-67

وَلَا يَحْزُنكَ قَوْلُهُمْ إِنَّ ٱلْعِزَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعًا · أَلَآ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَن فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَن فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ … إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّ وَإِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَخْرُصُونَ · هُوَ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلَّيْلَ لِتَسْكُنُوا۟ فِيهِ وَٱلنَّهَارَ مُبْصِرًا

"Do not let their words grieve you. All might belongs to God; He is the Hearing, the Knowing. · Know that whoever is in the heavens and on the earth belongs to God. Those who call on others besides God are not really following partners; they follow only conjecture, and they only guess. · It is He who made the night for you to rest in, and the day to give light. In this there are signs for a people who hear."

وَلَا يَحْزُنكَ قَوْلُهُمْand this is from the same root as lā hum yaḥzanūn in the sixty-second verse (ح-ز-ن).

VerseWhoForm
62Awliyāʾu'llāhWa lā hum yaḥzanūna statement
65The ProphetWa lā yaḥzunka qawluhuma command

The same root, three verses apart: in the one a ruling, in the other a consolation. I record this as an observation about the wording.

And the construct had a place in the table of responsibility at al-Qaṣaṣ 28/56 (Luqmān 31/23 fa-lā yaḥzunka kufruh, Fāṭir 35/8 fa-lā tadhhab nafsuka ʿalayhim ḥasarāt). I rely on that treatment.

إِنَّ ٱلْعِزَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعًاand the ground of the consolation must be recorded: what is aimed at is not the words but the claim of power behind the words.

The root ع-ز-ز: to be hard, firm, unwearing away; and from this might, invincibility.

I record this as my own reading, and its ground is the context of the sentence: the source of the grief is not the content of the words but the standing of the one who speaks them. The verse removes that standing.

يَخْرُصُونَthe root خ-ر-ص was analysed at al-Dhāriyāt 51/10 (qutila'l-kharrāṣūn) and this verse was named there too. I rely on that treatment. The concrete sense of the root: to estimate the dates on a palm by eye. That is, khars is a guess made without measuring.

And ẓann and khars occur in the same sentence. I record this as an observation about the word order: by laying the two words one on the other the verse weakens the claim to knowledge twice over — what they follow is conjecture, what they do is guesswork.

And it is the fourth occurrence of the word ẓann in the sūra (22, 36, 60, 66). I will give the table in the closing section.

هُوَ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلَّيْلَ لِتَسْكُنُوا۟ فِيهِ وَٱلنَّهَارَ مُبْصِرًا (67) — the verse is word for word the same as Ghāfir (al-Muʾmin) 40/61 and was treated there. I rely on that treatment.

مُبْصِرًا — an active participle: "that which makes seeing possible". The lexicographers record this as a figure: it is not the day that sees, but those who see in the day.

And its place within the sūra must be recorded: in the fifth verse the sun and the moon were named as a measure of time; here night and day are named as benefit — rest and sight. The same fact from two different sides.


The whole of Sūrat Yūnus