Tafsir LabMethodGitHubTürkçe

Hūd 11:89-90

The Qurʾān · Sūra 11: Hūd · verses 89-90

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

11/89-90

وَيَٰقَوْمِ لَا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شِقَاقِىٓ أَن يُصِيبَكُم مِّثْلُ مَآ أَصَابَ قَوْمَ نُوحٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ هُودٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ صَٰلِحٍ وَمَا قَوْمُ لُوطٍ مِّنكُم بِبَعِيدٍ

"My people! Do not let your enmity towards me bring upon you the like of what came upon the people of Noah, or the people of Hūd, or the people of Ṣāliḥ. And the people of Lot are not far from you."

The sūra turning back on itself

This verse gathers into one sentence the four narratives the sūra has told up to that point.

And the order is the sūra's own order: Noah (25-49) → Hūd (50-60) → Ṣāliḥ (61-68) → Lot (77-83). The fifth messenger counts off four of those who came before him.

I record this as an observation about the structure: the sūra does not tell its narratives as independent of one another; inside the fifth narrative the first four are used as evidence.

وَمَا قَوْمُ لُوطٍ مِّنكُم بِبَعِيدٍand this sentence is in word-for-word the same pattern as wa mā hiya mina'l-ẓālimīna bi-baʿīd, which came eight verses earlier (11/83).

PlaceSentenceWhat is "not far"
11/83wa mā hiya mina'l-ẓālimīna bi-baʿīdThe stones — from the wrongdoers
11/89wa mā qawmu Lūṭin minkum bi-baʿīdThe people of Lot — from you

The two sentences carry the same pattern in a way that can be verified from the text — and this repetition was already recorded at the closing of the Lot section (in the note written on 11/83).

The exegetes differ over what bi-baʿīd means: nearness in time, nearness in place (the distance between Midian and the land of the people of Lot), or likeness in deed. No preference is adopted; all three readings are compatible with the wording of the sentence.

إِنَّ رَبِّى رَحِيمٌ وَدُودٌ (90)

The root و-د-د: to love, to be attached with affection. Wudd — love; wadūd is the intensive form.

The word occurs in two places in the Qurʾān as a name of God: here and at al-Burūj 85/14 (wa huwa'l-ghafūru'l-wadūd). Both were treated; I rely on that treatment.

And its placement is worth recording: the word comes immediately after four reminders of destruction. The sentence following the harshest reminder, that is, is the gentlest name.


Roots analysed in this section

و-د-د

The whole of Sūrat Hūd