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al-Kahf 18:47-49

The Qurʾān · Sūra 18: al-Kahf · verses 47-49

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

18/47-49

وَيَوْمَ نُسَيِّرُ ٱلْجِبَالَ وَتَرَى ٱلْأَرْضَ بَارِزَةً وَحَشَرْنَٰهُمْ فَلَمْ نُغَادِرْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا … وَوُضِعَ ٱلْكِتَٰبُ فَتَرَى ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ مُشْفِقِينَ مِمَّا فِيهِ وَيَقُولُونَ يَٰوَيْلَتَنَا مَالِ هَٰذَا ٱلْكِتَٰبِ لَا يُغَادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَلَا كَبِيرَةً إِلَّآ أَحْصَىٰهَا

"And the day We shall set the mountains moving and you will see the earth laid bare… The Book is set down; and you will see the guilty in dread of what is in it, saying: 'Woe to us! What kind of book is this, that it has left out nothing small or great without counting it!'"

لَا يُغَادِرُ — a repeated verb

غ-د-ر root: to leave, to leave behind. (From the same root ghadr — to abandon one's word, treachery.)

The verb occurs twice, two verses apart:

VerseExpressionWhat is not left out
47Fa-lam nughādir minhum aḥadāIn the gathering — no one is left outside
49Lā yughādiru ṣaghīratan wa lā kabīratan illā aḥṣāhāIn the record — nothing is left outside

The same verb, once for persons and once for acts. This is a repetition that can be verified within the sūra, and I record it as my own reading: the completeness of the scope is reported with the same word on two planes.

بَارِزَة — root ب-ر-ز: to come out into the open, to be exposed. The root was treated in Ghāfir (al-Muʾmin) at 40/16 (yawma hum bārizūn) and it was recorded there: that no place to hide remains. Here the same word is used of the earth — everything upon it removed, stripped bare.

And this agrees with the eighth verse of the sūra: wa innā la-jāʿilūna mā ʿalayhā ṣaʿīdan juruzā. The two verses give the same state with two different words.

لَّقَدْ جِئْتُمُونَا كَمَا خَلَقْنَٰكُمْ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍۭ (48) — "you have come to Us as We created you the first time."

The same proof was treated in al-Wāqiʿa at 56/62 (wa laqad ʿalimtumu'n-nashʾata'l-ūlā) and in Maryam 19/9, 19/67. I rely on that treatment.

وَوَجَدُوا۟ مَا عَمِلُوا۟ حَاضِرًا (49) — "they found present what they had done."

The verb is worth recording: wajadū — they found. In al-Jāthiya at 45/29 the Book was speaking; here the deed is found present. Two sūras give the character of the record with two different verbs.


Roots analysed in this section

ب-ر-ز

The whole of Sūrat al-Kahf