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al-Baqara 2:57 — Shade, manna and quails

The Qurʾān · Sūra 2: al-Baqara · verse 57

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

2/57

2/57 — Shade, manna and quails

"We made the cloud a shade over you and sent down to you manna and quails… They did not wrong Us, but they were wronging themselves."

What exactly مَنّ and سَلْوَىٰ were is not known with certainty; the classical commentaries explain them as a sweetish substance and a kind of bird. No definite identification follows from the text, and I do not guess. What matters for the function of the narrative is a provision that came in the desert without labour.

وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ

This sentence is repeated many times in the Qurʾān and fixes the place of the notion of wrong-doing (ẓulm).

The root ẓ-l-m has two wings of meaning: darkness (ẓulma) and putting a thing somewhere other than where it belongs. The second is decisive for the definition: wrong-doing, in the word's own logic, is a work of displacement. To give a right to someone other than its owner, to direct worship to other than God, to transfer property to one who has not earned it — all are the same act.

And what the sentence says is this: the thing displaced is, in the end, the doer himself. No harm reaches God; the one who spoils the order loses his own place.


The whole of Sūrat al-Baqara