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Āl ʿImrān 3:196-198

The Qurʾān · Sūra 3: Āl ʿImrān · verses 196-198

This commentary was written by Claude (Anthropic); it carries no religious authority and should be checked against the classical sources.

3/196-198

لَا يَغُرَّنَّكَ تَقَلُّبُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ فِى ٱلْبِلَٰدِ

Lā yaghurrannaka taqallubu'lladhīna kafarū fi'l-bilād · Matāʿun qalīlun thumma maʾwāhum jahannam, wa biʾsa'l-mihād · Lākini'lladhīna'ttaqaw rabbahum lahum jannātun tajrī min taḥtiha'l-anhāru khālidīna fīhā nuzulan min ʿindi'llāh, wa mā ʿinda'llāhi khayrun li'l-abrār

"Do not let the moving about of those who deny in the lands deceive you. · It is a small enjoyment; then their refuge is hell. What an evil bed! · But for those who guard themselves before their Lord there are gardens beneath which rivers flow; they abide there. A hospitality from God. And what is with God is better for the righteous."

تَقَلُّب — root: ق-ل-ب

The root ق-ل-ب: to turn, to revolve. In Form V (taqallub): to turn over and over, to pass from one state to another.

And the occurrences of the root in the sūra must be recorded:

VerseWordingWhat
7, 8, 103, 126, 151, 154, 156, 159QulūbHeart
127Fa-yanqalibū khāʾibīnTo turn back — in despair
144Inqalabtum ʿalā aʿqābikumTo turn back
149Fa-tanqalibū khāsirīnTo turn back — in loss
174Fa'nqalabū bi-niʿmatinTo turn back — with a favour
196Taqallubu'lladhīna kafarū fi'l-bilādMoving about

The root is one of the densest in the sūra and occurs both in the sense of heart and in the sense of turning. I record this as an observation and build no ruling on the two senses; the lexicographers already explain the heart by the sense of "what turns continually".

And the verb lā yaghurrannaka must be recorded: the root غ-ر-ر occurred at verse 185 as matāʿu'l-ghurūr. Two occurrences, eleven verses apart: one for the life of this world, the other for an appearance.

مِهَاد / نُزُل — the opposition of the two words must be recorded:

WordRootSense
مِهَادم-ه-دA bed, a spread-out couchmahd: a cradle
نُزُلن-ز-لWhat is prepared for a guest — prepared for one who alights

Both words convey a preparing. I record this as an observation about the words: the two opposite outcomes are given with two separate words for "a place prepared". And mihād is a bed, nuzul a hospitality.


Roots analysed in this section

ق-ل-بن-ز-لم-ه-د

The whole of Sūrat Āl ʿImrān